Assess the importance of labor specialization, regional commerce, transsaharan camel trade, and islam in the development of states and cities in west africa. Cause and effect of the ancient transsaharan trade in west africa edice hua ancient african civilizations hist12521 ms. Sold gold, iron, ivory, ostrich feathers, slaves, leather c. The trans saharan traders were faced with various challenges. The historical legacies that drive contemporary trans saharan migrations illustrate that the potential for destabilisation is indeed an issue to be reckoned with. Standard 7a the student understands major global trends from 300ce. World bankunited nations conference on trade and development unctad database. The earliest reliable records date from the roman period, some of which recount legends of earlier times. It estimates the effect of openness to international trade on economic growth with panel data. Describe the effects of transsaharan trade on people of. In this multiday lesson, students will explore the causes and effects of the transsaharan slave trade. Decline of trans sahara trade the trans sahara trade means the business across the sahara among countries mediterranean and saharan africa. Using the documents provided and your knowledge of world history, evaluate the extent to which the spread of buddhism transformed chinese society between 350 c.
Islamic law, trade networks and crosscultural exchange in western africa. While existing from prehistoric times, the peak of trade extended from the 8th century until the early 17th century. Most important factors that led to the rise of globalization. The transatlantic slave trade was brought to an end in the mid 1800s, at a time, eltis claims, when slaves were fetching record prices suggesting that its demise was influenced by moral considerations. In libya and algeria, from at least 7000 bc, there was pastoralism, the. In nigeria and perhaps elsewhere, it seems that sexual stereotypes of arabs and black africans derived from both the trans saharan trade and european colonial rule have been respectively, if unevenly, mapped onto muslims and christians, in a way that hinders national integration. Explain the intellectual and cultural effects of the various networks of exchange in afroeurasia from c. The golden age of the transsaharan trade ended with the collapse of songhay empire after the moroccan attack in 1591. Curiously there does not seem to be any records for diseases travelling from sub saharan africa across the desert and into europe. Describe the effects of trans saharan trade on people of western sudan. Mansa musas arrival in cairo carrying a ton of the metal 2425 caused. Francine sabal february, 2017 2 cause and effect of the ancient transsaharan trade in west africa from all around the globe, gold was one of the most sought after resources in many ancient civilizations and it is even more. During the umayyad caliphate islam came to north africa and reinvigorated trade. Transsaharan trade, conducted across the sahara desert, was a web of commercial interactions between the arab world north africa and.
The transsaharan trade played an important role in the rise of states in the senegambia region and the western sudan, in general. Transsaharan trade network ghana located in prime spot between north and subsaharan africa trade via caravans of traders and camels b. The historical legacies that drive contemporary transsaharan migrations illustrate that the potential for destabilisation is indeed an issue to be reckoned with. The growth of interregional trade was encouraged by innovations in existing transportation technologies. Sometimes it would be extremely hot during the day and extremely cold in the night. In the americas slavery was outlawed finally by all the major states by late 1880s with brazil being the last to act in 1888, but it continued in north africa, the middle east, and the indian ocean up to the 1900s, and persisted in sub saharan africa during the early. As the silk road flourished during the mongol rule, more people were being exposed to more goods and luxury items. Trans saharan trading routes mediterranean sea trading network. Trace major changes in the religious map of eurasia and africa between 300 and. Jan 26, 2018 the trans atlantic slave trade began around the midfifteenth century when portuguese interests in africa moved away from the fabled deposits of gold to a much more readily available commodity slaves.
Transsaharan trading routes mediterranean sea trading network. First, the slave trade discouraged statebuilding and encouraged slave raiding. Development of urban centres such as gao, kano, jenne, walata and timbuctu. Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes, including the indian ocean, promoting the growth of powerful new trading cities. Essays in the economic history of the atlantic slave trade, 2375. The trade led to the decline of empires such as ancient ghana and mali while others such as songhai emerged.
The impact of the trans saharan trade the trans saharan. Formed between the fifth and the, the sahara desert rose up as a huge barrier for men between the north and south africa. Some factors that led to the rise of trans saharan trade were the spread of islam and the trading between the north and west. Decline of transsahara trade the trans sahara trade means the business across the sahara among countries mediterranean and saharan africa. Transsaharan migration is an ageold phenomenon that can only be understood in the context of the tightly interwoven geographic, cultural and economic patchwork that constitutes the larger sahel and sahara region. Scholars focus on the arab transsaharan slave trade. Jul 23, 2015 trans saharan slave trade was conducted within the ambits of the trans saharan trade, otherwise referred to as the arab trade. Did the transsaharan caravan trade route spread any. Explain the causes and effects of the growth of trans saharan trade. Did the transsaharan caravan trade route spread any diseases. The impact of the trans saharan trade the trans saharan trade. In the americas slavery was outlawed finally by all the major states by late 1880s with brazil being the last to act in 1888, but it continued in north africa, the middle east, and the indian ocean up to the 1900s, and persisted in subsaharan africa during the early. Nov 11, 2014 social and economic impact of the trans saharan trade in africa north and south of the sahara. Doc cause and effect of the ancient transsaharan trade in.
Some of the seminar participants affirmed that while the transatlantic slave trade lasted for four centuries 16931884, the transsaharan slave trade continued for 17 centuries 652. Describe the effects of transsaharan trade on people of western sudan. Transsaharan slave trade was conducted within the ambits of the trans saharan trade, otherwise referred to as the arab trade. Some of the seminar participants affirmed that while the trans atlantic slave trade lasted for four centuries 16931884, the trans saharan slave trade continued for 17 centuries 6521960.
Trans saharan migration is an ageold phenomenon that can only be understood in the context of the tightly interwoven geographic, cultural and economic patchwork that constitutes the. Slavery and slave trade in west africa, 14501930 patrick manning. History of trans saharan trade routes in mauritania mauritania became an important stopover for the trans saharan trade caravan with the most important trade routes being made through the old towns of ouadane, chinguetti, tichitt and oualata. During these trades, slaves were taken from land south of the saharan desert, inland of the red sea, and inland of the coast of eastern africa, and were shipped to northern africa and the middle east. Doc cause and effect of the ancient transsaharan trade. Curiously there does not seem to be any records for diseases travelling from sub. The economic organization of the transsaharan slave trade. Trans saharan trade routes promoted the growth of powerful trading cities in the time period because they traded valuable items like slaves, gold, and salt, which increased the net worth of the cities and allowed for economic growth that way. Yes, there are accounts of the plague being brought from europe, via north africa and into west africa.
In 1450, a west african population of perhaps 20 to 25 persons million lived in relative stability. In terms of trade liberalization and removal of tariff as advised by the wb and imf, untad reported that it has led to severe unemployment in sub saharan africa and latin america. The disintegration of west african political structures, the contemporary economic decline of northern africa, and the european competition on the guinea coast made the caravan trade less profitable. According to calculation done by christian aid, trade liberalization has cost. The trans saharan trade played an important role in the rise of states in the senegambia region and the western sudan, in general. Timothy garrand makes the assumption that the earliest trans saharan trade involved the importation of. Rodney argues that the slave trade fundamentally altered african economies. Thereafter, the gold trade was the centrepiece of the transsaharan trade. Here again, islam played a primary role in this increase. Employing instrumental variables techniques that correct this paper is a product of the international trade department, poverty reduction and economic management network.
Transsaharan trade routes by rebecca hamilton on prezi. This trade was conducted between the north african traders and their counterparts in west africa. Transsaharan trade african studies oxford bibliographies. The european trans atlantic slave trade took off 10 centuries later, in 1693. The rise and fall of the slave trade openlearn open. Silent trade system ghanaian merchants set goods out on a large rug and did not say a. Some factors that led to the rise of transsaharan trade were the spread of islam and the trading between the north and west. Create marketing content that resonates with prezi video. Cause and effect of the ancient trans saharan trade in west africa edice hua ancient african civilizations hist12521. The core of our argument is that eurasias comparatively large cultural area s were the result of. What caused subsaharan africas marginalization in world. The trade led to development of urbanisation for example towns such as gao, timbuktu and jenne. Trans saharan trade was the transit of goods between sub saharan africa and the northern arab and european worlds.
In this multiday lesson, students will explore the causes and effects of the trans saharan slave trade. Caravan crossings of the sahara desert increased the trade in gold. It profoundly influenced the culture of the region through the spread of its language, laws and customs along the niger river, which ran through the heart of. In nigeria and perhaps elsewhere, it seems that sexual stereotypes of arabs and black africans derived from both the transsaharan trade and european colonial rule have been respectively, if unevenly, mapped onto muslims and christians, in a way that hinders national integration. The transatlantic slave trade began around the midfifteenth century when portuguese interests in africa moved away from the fabled deposits of gold to a much more readily available commodity slaves. Social and economic impact of the transsaharan trade in africa north and south of the sahara. It profoundly influenced the culture of the region through the spread of its language, laws and customs along the niger river, which ran through the heart of the empire. The impact of the trans saharan trade the trans saharan trade had several consequences. This population, while divided into numerous ethnic, linguistic, and political. Cause and effect of the ancient transsaharan trade in west africa edice hua ancient african civilizations hist12521.
In fact, the slave trade map not only lends substance to this early form of international trade, but also, by showing the courses it took, illuminates the impact of the system. It was a quest for gold, pepper, and eventually african slaves that caused the first wave of invaders. Intermarriage between the people from the north and those from the west africa. Transsaharan trade and the west african discovery of the. This paper offers an integrated analysis of the forces shaping the emergence of the african slave trade over the early modern period. Chances are you know someone with flashy gold jewelry, or maybe even a. Explain the causes and effects of the growth of transsaharan trade. The transsaharan gold trade 7th14th century essay the. At the same time, the tuaregs changed their role from. Assess the importance of labor specialization, regional commerce, trans saharan camel trade, and islam in the development of states and cities in west africa. With an economy built on the basis of the trans saharan trade, the mali empire was the largest and longest lasting kingdom in the history of west africa. Long and tiring journey in the desert, scarcity of resources and extreme weather condition. The european transatlantic slave trade took off 10 centuries later, in 1693.
Dec 28, 2017 describe the effects of trans saharan trade on people of western sudan. Dynamics of the transsaharan migration route turning. Timothy garrand makes the assumption that the earliest transsaharan trade involved the importation of. The instrumental variables estimates suggest that, on average, a one percentage.
Interestingly, the transsaharan trade extended from the subsaharan west african kingdoms ghana, mali and songhay across the sahara desert to europe. The trade route was in operation between the seventh and 14th centuries, expanding the more established trade route of the silk road between europe and the middle east. Social and economic impact of the transsaharan trade in. As the silk road flourished during the mongol rule, more people were. Because of the trading, the transsaharan cities could grow. History what were the impacts of transsaharan trade. It provided link between the western sudan and north africa. What are the effects of transsaharan trade answers.
What factors led to the rise of transsaharan trade answers. Because of the trading, the trans saharan cities could grow. Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the. What caused subsaharan africas marginalization in world trade. Trans saharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach sub saharan africa from the north african coast, europe, to the levant. Spread of islam and erosion of preexisting culture. Goods included precious metals, such as gold, as well as slaves. Contemporary eu migration policies in africa start from an isolated view of the human smuggling networks facilitating irregular migration as ruthless criminal networks that organise the journeys of large numbers of migrants desperate to reach the eu as discussed above, this is too limited a view of transsaharan migration, as not all migrants are desperate to reach the eu. The impact of the transsaharan trade the transsaharan trade had several consequences. Doc cause and effect of the ancient transsaharan trade in west. Trans saharan trade, conducted across the sahara desert, was a web of commercial interactions between the arab world north africa and the persian gulf and sub saharan africa. With an economy built on the basis of the transsaharan trade, the mali empire was the largest and longest lasting kingdom in the history of west africa.
Transsaharan trade routes promoted the growth of powerful trading cities in the time period because they traded valuable items like slaves, gold, and salt, which increased the net worth of the cities and allowed for economic growth that way. Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes, including. Transsaharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach subsaharan africa from the north african coast, europe, to the levant. Their wealth was built on trade in products got from tropical africa across the sahara. The main finding is that greater openness to international trade causes economic growth in subsaharan africa. Rise of transregional trade networks flashcards quizlet. Slave trade led to depopulation, insecurity and misery. On the causes of the african slave trade luis angeles. Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to. Transsaharan slave trade was conducted within the ambits of the transsaharan trade, otherwise referred to as the arab trade. Celebrating prezis teacher community for teacher appreciation week.
The end of the atlantic slave trade was not the end of slavery itself. Explain how the expansion of empires influenced trade and communication over time. Feb 23, 20 yes, there are accounts of the plague being brought from europe, via north africa and into west africa. Transport development of means of transport steamships, railroads, automobiles. Money was the cause of the early interest of arabic traders in west africa, which was. Transsaharan migration is an ageold phenomenon that can only be understood in the context of the tightly interwoven geographic, cultural and economic patchwork that constitutes the.
Gold is one of the most expensive commodities and one of the most soughtafter rocks in human history. Industry and business industrial revolution industrialization highscale production of standarized products growth of international trade 2. The causes of increased interregional trade and exchange between 600 ce and 1450 ce throughout afroeurasia were safer travels, more efficient travels, and honesty among merchants. The trade routes were important muslim stopovers as well as passages through the sahara region. The transsaharan trade routes that formed in the classical age grew enormously in the period from 600 to 1450 c. Transsaharan trade requires travel across the sahara north and south to reach subsaharan. Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and. By the seventeenth century, the trade was in full swing, reaching a peak towards the end of the eighteenth century. Transsaharan trade was the transit of goods between subsaharan africa and the northern arab and european worlds. The main finding is that greater openness to international trade causes economic growth in sub saharan africa.